SEO
301 vs 302 redirect
A 301 redirect says a page has moved permanently, so search engines should treat the new URL as canonical. A 302 says the move is temporary, so they keep showing the original URL.
Glossary · 274 terms
SEO, AI search and launch glossary
Plain-language definitions of the terms you hit when you launch a product and try to get found on Google and in AI answers. Each entry starts with a short definition you can quote, then explains how it works, why it matters for founders, an example, common mistakes and the sources we checked.
- SEO: Crawling, indexing, links and how Google shows your pages.
- AI search: How ChatGPT, Perplexity, Claude and AI Overviews find and cite pages.
- Launching: Launch platforms, directories and the links that come with them.
- Growth & analytics: Marketing, analytics and conversion terms founders use every week.
New here? Start with these
- Crawled – currently not indexed · The status you'll see first when you publish a lot.
- AI crawlers · Which bots to allow if you want to be cited by AI.
- Dofollow link · What a launch or directory link is actually worth.
Showing 274 terms
Numbers
SEO
307 vs 308 redirect
A 307 is a temporary redirect and a 308 is a permanent one. Unlike 302 and 301, both require the browser to repeat the request with the same method and body. Google treats 308 like 301 and 307 like 302.
SEO
404 error
A 404 error is the HTTP status a server returns when a requested URL doesn't exist. Search engines drop 404 URLs from their index, and a 404 on a deleted page is normal, not a penalty.
SEO
410 Gone
410 Gone is an HTTP status that says a URL was removed on purpose and won't come back. For Google Search it works almost exactly like a 404: the URL is dropped from the index.
SEO
5xx server error
A 5xx server error is any HTTP status from 500 to 599, meaning the server failed to handle a valid request. Google slows its crawling when it sees them, and persistent errors can drop pages.
A
Growth & analytics
A/B test
An A/B test randomly splits visitors between two versions of a page or feature, A and B, and compares a chosen metric, such as sign-up rate, to see which version performs better beyond chance.
Growth & analytics
Above the fold
Above the fold is the part of a web page people see before they scroll. The term comes from newspapers, where the top half of the front page, above the fold, got the most attention.
Growth & analytics
Activation rate
Activation rate is the percentage of new users who reach a defined "activation" event, the first point where they get real value from your product, within a set time after signing up.
Growth & analytics
Affiliate program
An affiliate program pays outside partners, such as bloggers, creators, newsletters and consultants, a commission for customers they refer through tracked links, so you pay for results instead of attention.
AI search
AI agent
An AI agent is a system in which a language model decides its own next steps and uses tools, such as web browsing, search, code or APIs, to complete a task with limited human direction.
AI search
AI crawlers
AI crawlers are bots run by AI companies that fetch web pages, either to collect training data, to build an index for AI search answers, or to read a page a user asked about. Each has its own robots.txt name.
AI search
AI hallucination
An AI hallucination is a plausible-sounding statement from a language model that is false, such as an invented feature, price, quote or source, delivered with the same confidence as a correct answer.
AI search
AI Mode (Google)
AI Mode is a conversational search experience inside Google Search for questions that need exploration, reasoning or comparison. It answers with an AI-generated response, accepts follow-up questions, and links to supporting web pages.
AI search
AI Overviews
AI Overviews are AI-generated summaries Google shows at the top of some search results, with links to supporting pages. AI Mode is Google's separate, conversational search experience built on the same idea.
AI search
AI referral traffic
AI referral traffic is the visits your site gets when people click links in AI assistants' answers, such as citations in ChatGPT, Perplexity, Claude, Gemini or Copilot.
AI search
AI share of voice
AI share of voice is how often your brand is mentioned or cited in AI assistants' answers to a fixed set of relevant prompts, compared with competitors. It's the AI-search version of share of search.
SEO
AI-generated content
AI-generated content is text or media produced wholly or partly by AI models. Google doesn't penalize it for being AI-made, but using automation mainly to manipulate rankings violates its spam policies.
SEO
Alt text
Alt text is the
altattribute on an image that describes it in words. Screen readers read it aloud, browsers show it if the image fails, and search engines use it to understand the image.SEO
Alternate page with proper canonical tag
"Alternate page with proper canonical tag" is a Search Console status for a URL that correctly points to another page as its canonical. Google indexed the canonical instead, and usually nothing needs fixing.
SEO
Alternatives page
An alternatives page targets searches like "Product X alternatives" and lists other options to a well-known product, explaining who each alternative suits and why someone might switch.
SEO
Anchor text
Anchor text is the visible, clickable text of a link. Search engines read it as a description of the page being linked to, so clear, specific anchor text helps both readers and rankings.
Growth & analytics
Annual recurring revenue (ARR)
Annual recurring revenue (ARR) is the yearly value of a company's recurring subscription contracts, commonly calculated as current MRR multiplied by twelve. It's a snapshot of today's recurring revenue, annualized, not last year's actual revenue.
AI search
Answer engine optimization (AEO)
Answer engine optimization (AEO) is structuring content so that systems which answer questions directly, such as featured snippets, voice assistants and AI chatbots, can pick it up and present it as the answer.
SEO
Article schema
Article schema is structured data for news, blog and editorial pages, using
Article,NewsArticleorBlogPosting, that tells Google the headline, author, images and publish and update dates.SEO
Author byline
An author byline is the line that names who wrote a piece of content, usually linking to an author page or bio that explains their background and why they're qualified to write about the topic.
SEO
Average position
Average position in Search Console is the mean of your topmost ranking across the searches where your site appeared. 1 is the top result. It's an average, so it can hide very different positions.
B
SEO
Backlink
A backlink is a link from another website to yours. Search engines use backlinks to discover pages and as one signal of which pages are trusted and worth ranking.
Launching
Badge backlink
A badge backlink is a small "Featured on" image with a link back to a launch platform or directory, placed on your site. Some platforms make their followed link to you conditional on keeping it.
SEO
Bing Webmaster Tools
Bing Webmaster Tools is Microsoft's free console for site owners, the Bing equivalent of Google Search Console. It shows Bing search performance, crawl and index status, and supports sitemaps, URL submission and IndexNow.
SEO
Bingbot
Bingbot is Microsoft's main web crawler for Bing search. Bing's index also feeds other search products, so letting Bingbot crawl your site matters beyond Bing.com itself.
Growth & analytics
Bounce rate vs engagement rate
In GA4, bounce rate is the percentage of sessions that were not engaged. An engaged session lasts over 10 seconds, has a key event, or has two or more page views. Engagement rate is the opposite.
AI search
Brand mention
A brand mention is any place your company or product name appears on the web, in articles, forums, reviews, directories or AI answers, whether or not it links to your site.
SEO
Branded search
Branded searches are queries that include your brand or product name; non-branded searches don't. Non-branded clicks show SEO bringing in new people; branded ones show existing demand.
SEO
Breadcrumb schema
Breadcrumb schema is
BreadcrumbListstructured data that describes a page's position in the site hierarchy as an ordered list of links, which Google can show in place of the URL in results.SEO
Breadcrumbs
Breadcrumbs are a row of links, like Home › Glossary › Crawl budget, that shows where a page sits in a site's hierarchy. They help visitors move up a level and help search engines understand structure.
SEO
Broken link building
Broken link building is finding links on other websites that point to dead pages, then contacting the site owner to suggest a working, relevant page of yours as a replacement.
Growth & analytics
Build in public
Building in public means openly sharing your startup's progress as you go, such as what you're building, decisions, numbers, mistakes and lessons, usually on social media, a blog or a newsletter, to build an audience before and during launch.
C
Growth & analytics
CAC payback period
CAC payback period is the number of months it takes for a new customer's gross profit to repay the cost of acquiring them. Shorter payback means cash comes back sooner to fund more growth.
Growth & analytics
Call to action (CTA)
A call to action (CTA) is the prompt, usually a button or link, that tells a visitor what to do next, such as "Start free trial", "Launch your product" or "Join the waitlist".
SEO
Canonical tag
A canonical tag is a line in a page's HTML,
<link rel="canonical" href="…">, that tells search engines which URL is the main version when several URLs show the same or very similar content.SEO
Canonicalization
Canonicalization is how a search engine picks one representative URL from a group of pages with the same or very similar content, and shows only that one in results.
SEO
ccTLD
A ccTLD is a two-letter country-code top-level domain, like
.de,.fror.uk. Google treats most as a strong signal that a site targets that country; some, like.ioand.ai, it treats as generic.Launching
Changelog
A changelog is a curated, chronologically ordered list of notable changes in each version of a product, such as new features, fixes and removals, written for the people who use it.
AI search
ChatGPT search
ChatGPT search is the feature that lets ChatGPT look things up on the web and answer with current information and links to its sources, instead of relying only on what the model learned in training.
SEO
Chrome UX Report (CrUX)
The Chrome UX Report (CrUX) is Google's public dataset of real-user performance data from opted-in Chrome users. It supplies the field data behind Core Web Vitals in Search Console and PageSpeed Insights.
Growth & analytics
Churn rate
Churn rate is the percentage of customers, or of recurring revenue, lost during a period. Monthly customer churn is customers who cancelled this month divided by customers you had at the start of the month.
AI search
Claude web search
Claude web search is Anthropic's feature that lets Claude search the internet during a conversation and answer with up-to-date information and direct citations to the pages it used.
SEO
Click-through rate (CTR)
Click-through rate (CTR) is the share of impressions that turned into clicks: clicks divided by impressions. In Search Console it shows how often people who saw your result in Google chose it.
SEO
Clicks (Search Console)
In Search Console, a click is counted when someone clicks a link from Google Search results that takes them to your site. Clicks on links that keep the user within Google don't count.
SEO
Client-side rendering (CSR)
Client-side rendering (CSR) means the browser builds the page with JavaScript after downloading a mostly empty HTML shell. Google can usually render it, but it's slower and riskier for SEO than server-rendered HTML.
SEO
Cloaking
Cloaking is showing search engines different content from what users see, in order to manipulate rankings. It's a named violation in Google's spam policies and can lead to a manual action.
Growth & analytics
Cohort analysis
Cohort analysis groups users by a shared characteristic, usually when they started, such as sign-up week, and tracks each group's behavior over time, so you can compare how different groups retain, activate or pay.
Growth & analytics
Cold email deliverability
Cold email deliverability is how reliably your outreach emails to people who haven't opted in reach the inbox instead of spam. It depends on authentication, sender reputation, spam complaints and the content you send.
AI search
Common Crawl
Common Crawl is a non-profit that crawls the web with its bot, CCBot, and publishes the results as a free, open repository of web data that researchers and AI companies widely use.
Growth & analytics
Community-led growth
Community-led growth is a strategy where a community of users, customers and practitioners around your product or field drives acquisition, learning and retention, through members helping each other, sharing work and recommending the product.
SEO
Comparison page (X vs Y)
A comparison page puts two or more products side by side, usually targeting "X vs Y" searches, and helps a buyer decide which fits them based on features, pricing, trade-offs and use cases.
SEO
Content brief
A content brief is the plan handed to a writer, human or AI, before drafting a page. It states the target query and intent, the angle, what to cover, sources to use, internal links and the quality bar.
AI search
Content chunking
Content chunking is structuring a page as self-contained sections, each answering one question, so search engines and AI retrieval systems can find, understand and quote a single passage without the rest of the page.
SEO
Content decay
Content decay is the gradual decline in rankings, impressions and clicks on a page that used to perform well, usually because the page aged, competitors improved, or searchers' needs changed.
SEO
Content refresh
A content refresh is a substantive update to an existing page, such as new facts, better answers, current examples and fixed gaps, so it's accurate and competitive again, keeping the same URL and its history.
AI search
Context window
A context window is the amount of text, measured in tokens, that a language model can take into account at once. It covers the prompt, any documents or history, and the answer the model writes.
Growth & analytics
Conversion funnel
A conversion funnel is the sequence of steps a person takes from first discovering your product to becoming a paying customer, such as visit, sign-up, activation and purchase, with the percentage who move from each step to the next.
SEO
Core update
A core update is a significant, broad change Google makes to its search ranking systems several times a year. It's not aimed at any specific site, and rankings can rise or fall as Google reassesses content.
SEO
Core Web Vitals
Core Web Vitals are three Google metrics for real-user page experience: Largest Contentful Paint (loading), Interaction to Next Paint (responsiveness) and Cumulative Layout Shift (visual stability).
SEO
Crawl budget
Crawl budget is the set of URLs Google can and wants to crawl on your site in a given period. It depends on how much your server can handle and how much Google wants your pages.
SEO
Crawl depth
Crawl depth, or click depth, is how many clicks it takes to reach a page from the homepage by following links. Pages many clicks deep tend to be crawled less often and treated as less important.
SEO
Crawl Stats report
The Crawl Stats report in Google Search Console shows how Googlebot crawled your site over the past 90 days: total requests, download size, average response time, host status, and breakdowns by response, file type and purpose.
SEO
Crawled – currently not indexed
"Crawled – currently not indexed" is a Google Search Console status meaning Google fetched the page but chose not to add it to the index. It may be indexed later; resubmitting it won't force that.
SEO
Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)
Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) is a Core Web Vital measuring how much visible content unexpectedly moves while a page is used. Good CLS is 0.1 or less.
Growth & analytics
Customer acquisition cost (CAC)
Customer acquisition cost (CAC) is the total sales and marketing spend in a period divided by the number of new customers won in that period. It tells you what it costs, on average, to get one paying customer.
Growth & analytics
Customer lifetime value (LTV)
Customer lifetime value (LTV) is an estimate of the total gross profit a business will earn from a typical customer over the whole time they stay a customer. It's compared with CAC to judge whether acquisition is worth it.
D
AI search
Deep research (AI)
Deep research is an AI assistant mode that runs many web searches over several minutes, reads a large number of sources, and writes a long report with citations, instead of a quick single answer.
SEO
Digital PR
Digital PR is earning coverage, mentions and links from online publications by giving journalists something worth covering, such as a story, original data, a useful tool or expert commentary.
Launching
Directory submission
Directory submission is listing your product on curated websites that catalog tools and startups by category. Good directories give a new site early links, consistent brand citations and some discovery traffic.
SEO
Disavow links
Disavowing links means uploading a file to Google's disavow links tool that lists pages or domains whose links to your site you want Google to ignore. Google says most sites will never need it.
SEO
Discovered – currently not indexed
"Discovered – currently not indexed" is a Search Console status meaning Google knows the URL exists but hasn't crawled it yet, typically because crawling it then was expected to overload the site.
Growth & analytics
Distribution
Distribution is how a product reliably reaches the people who'll buy it: the channels, audiences, partnerships and assets that put it in front of customers repeatedly, not just once.
SEO
Dofollow link
A dofollow link is an ordinary link with no nofollow, ugc or sponsored value in its rel attribute. Search engines can follow it and count it as a vote for the page it points to.
SEO
Domain authority (DA and DR)
Domain Authority (Moz) and Domain Rating (Ahrefs) are third-party scores, roughly 0 to 100, estimating the strength of a site's backlink profile. They are SEO tool metrics, not Google metrics, and Google doesn't use them.
SEO
Duplicate content
Duplicate content is the same or very similar content available at more than one URL. Google says some duplication is normal and isn't a spam violation; it picks one version to show and filters the rest.
SEO
Duplicate, Google chose different canonical than user
This Search Console status means your page declares a canonical URL, but Google picked a different URL as the canonical for that group of duplicates, so your declared choice isn't indexed.
SEO
Dynamic rendering
Dynamic rendering is serving crawlers a prerendered HTML version of a JavaScript page while users get the normal client-side app. Google now calls it a workaround, not a long-term solution.
E
SEO
E-E-A-T
E-E-A-T stands for experience, expertise, authoritativeness and trustworthiness. It's the framework Google's quality raters use to judge content. It isn't a single ranking factor, but Google's systems look for signals of it.
SEO
Editorial link
An editorial link is a link another site's author or editor chose to add because it helps their readers, without payment, a trade or any requirement. It's the kind of link search engines are designed to reward.
AI search
Embeddings
Embeddings are lists of numbers (vectors) that represent the meaning of a piece of text. Texts with similar meaning get vectors that sit close together, which lets software search by meaning instead of exact words.
AI search
Entity SEO
Entity SEO is the work of helping search engines and AI systems recognize your company or product as one distinct thing, an entity, and connect the right facts, profiles and pages to it.
SEO
Evergreen content
Evergreen content is content that stays useful and searched for over a long period, like guides, definitions and how-tos, as opposed to news or announcements whose interest fades within days or weeks.
SEO
Expired domain abuse
Expired domain abuse is buying an expired domain and repurposing it mainly to manipulate rankings, hosting low-value content that relies on the old site's reputation and links. Google's spam policies prohibit it.
F
SEO
Faceted navigation
Faceted navigation lets users filter a list by attributes like category, price or rating. Each filter combination can create a new URL, which can multiply into far more crawlable URLs than real pages.
SEO
FAQ schema
FAQ schema is FAQPage structured data that marks up a list of questions and answers on a page. Google no longer shows FAQ rich results in Search, but the markup remains valid schema.org.
SEO
Favicon in search results
A favicon is the small icon for your site shown in browser tabs and next to your site name in Google results. Google picks it from your homepage's
<link rel="icon">tag if it meets its guidelines.SEO
Featured snippet
A featured snippet is a Google result where the descriptive snippet appears first, above the link, to answer a query directly. Google picks it automatically; there's no markup that makes a page one.
SEO
First Contentful Paint (FCP)
First Contentful Paint (FCP) measures how long it takes for any content, such as text, an image or an SVG, to first appear on screen. Good FCP is 1.8 seconds or less.
Growth & analytics
Freemium
Freemium is a pricing model where a product offers a free plan with no time limit, alongside paid plans that add more features, usage, seats or support. Free users can upgrade when they need more.
G
AI search
Gemini (Google)
Gemini is Google's family of AI models and the name of its AI assistant app. Gemini powers Google's AI features and can ground its answers in Google Search results, showing sources for users to check.
AI search
Generative engine optimization (GEO)
Generative engine optimization (GEO) is the practice of making your content more likely to be found, used and cited in answers from AI systems like ChatGPT, Perplexity, Claude, Gemini and Google's AI Overviews.
Growth & analytics
Go-to-market (GTM)
A go-to-market (GTM) strategy is the plan for how a product reaches and wins customers: the target market, the positioning, the channels that bring buyers, how they buy (self-serve or sales), and pricing.
Growth & analytics
Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
Google Analytics 4 (GA4) is Google's current web and app analytics product. It measures users, sessions and events on your site, and replaced Universal Analytics, which stopped processing data in July 2023.
SEO
Google Search Console
Google Search Console is Google's free tool for site owners. It shows which queries bring impressions and clicks, which pages are indexed and why others aren't, and alerts you to manual actions and security issues.
AI search
Google-Extended
Google-Extended is a robots.txt token that controls whether content Google crawls from your site may be used to train Gemini models and for grounding. It doesn't affect Google Search, including AI Overviews.
SEO
Googlebot
Googlebot is Google's main web crawler for Search. It comes in a smartphone and a desktop version, and since mobile-first indexing most sites are crawled by Googlebot Smartphone.
AI search
Grounding
Grounding is giving an AI model real source content, such as search results or documents, at the moment it answers, so the answer is based on that content instead of only what the model memorized in training.
SEO
Guest posting
Guest posting is writing an article published on someone else's website under your name, usually with a bio linking to your site. Done for readers it builds reach; done for links at scale it's link spam.
H
SEO
HARO and journalist requests
HARO (Help a Reporter Out) is a service that sends journalists' requests for expert sources to subscribers, who pitch answers. Similar platforms like Qwoted and Featured do the same job. Chosen answers can earn quotes, mentions and links.
SEO
Heading tags (H1–H6)
Heading tags,
<h1>through<h6>, mark the titles and section headings of a page. They give readers and search engines an outline of what the page covers and how it's organized.SEO
Helpful content
Helpful content is Google's term for people-first content: made mainly to help readers rather than to attract search traffic. Since March 2024, Google evaluates helpfulness within its core ranking systems, not a separate update.
SEO
HowTo schema
HowTo schema is structured data for step-by-step instructions. Google stopped showing HowTo rich results in 2023, so the markup no longer produces a special result in Google Search.
SEO
hreflang
hreflang is an annotation that tells search engines which language or regional versions of a page exist, so they can show each searcher the right one. Every version must link to every other version, including itself.
SEO
hreflang x-default
x-defaultis a reserved hreflang value that names the fallback page for searchers whose language or region doesn't match any of your localized versions, often a language picker or your main version.SEO
HSTS
HSTS (HTTP Strict Transport Security) is a response header telling browsers to only ever connect to your domain over HTTPS, for a set period. Browsers then upgrade any
http://link before sending it.SEO
HTTP status code
An HTTP status code is the three-digit number a server sends back with every response, like
200,301,404or503. It tells browsers and crawlers whether the request worked, moved, failed or should be retried.SEO
HTTPS
HTTPS is HTTP over an encrypted TLS connection, shown by
https://and a padlock in browsers. Google has used it as a lightweight ranking signal since 2014, and browsers warn users about sites without it.
I
Growth & analytics
Ideal customer profile (ICP)
An ideal customer profile (ICP) is a description of the type of customer, usually a company or person with specific traits, who gets the most value from your product and is most valuable to your business in return.
SEO
Image SEO
Image SEO is making images discoverable and understandable in search and fast to load: HTML image elements, descriptive filenames and alt text, relevant surrounding text, modern formats and sensible sizes.
SEO
Image sitemap
An image sitemap is an XML sitemap, or an extension to one, that lists the images on each page with
<image:image>and<image:loc>tags, to help Google find images it might miss.SEO
Impressions
In Google Search Console, an impression is counted each time a link to your site appears in a search result someone is shown. It measures visibility, not visits.
SEO
Indexed, though blocked by robots.txt
This Search Console status means Google indexed a URL even though robots.txt blocks crawling it. Google can't read the page, so it indexes the bare URL from links pointing to it.
SEO
Indexing
Indexing is when a search engine analyzes a crawled page and stores it in its index, the database it serves results from. A page that isn't indexed can't appear in search results.
SEO
IndexNow
IndexNow is an open protocol for telling participating search engines, including Bing, the moment a URL is added, updated or deleted. Google doesn't participate.
Launching
Indie hacker
An indie hacker is someone building a profitable online business independently, usually alone or with a tiny team and without venture capital, aiming for sustainable revenue and control rather than rapid, funded growth.
SEO
Interaction to Next Paint (INP)
Interaction to Next Paint (INP) is a Core Web Vital that measures how quickly a page visually responds to clicks, taps and key presses. Good INP is 200 milliseconds or less.
SEO
Internal linking
Internal linking is linking from one page on your site to another page on the same site. It helps visitors and crawlers find pages and tells search engines which pages matter and what they're about.
SEO
International SEO
International SEO is setting up a site so search engines show the right language or country version to each searcher: a clear URL structure per locale, hreflang annotations and genuinely localized content.
SEO
Intrusive interstitials
Intrusive interstitials are popups or overlays that block a page's main content, usually to promote something. Google lists avoiding them as part of good page experience.
J
SEO
JavaScript SEO
JavaScript SEO is making sure sites built with JavaScript frameworks can be crawled, rendered and indexed properly: real links, content in the HTML, correct status codes and metadata that doesn't depend on client-side code.
Growth & analytics
Jobs to be done (JTBD)
Jobs to be done (JTBD) is a framework that explains buying decisions by the "job" a customer needs done, the progress they want to make in a particular situation, rather than by who they are.
SEO
JSON-LD
JSON-LD is a way of writing structured data as a JSON object inside a
<script type="application/ld+json">tag. It's the format Google recommends for Schema.org markup.
K
SEO
Keyword cannibalization
Keyword cannibalization is when several pages on your site target the same query and intent, so they compete with each other and Google alternates between them instead of ranking one strongly.
SEO
Keyword density
Keyword density is how often a word or phrase appears on a page as a share of total words. It's an old SEO metric; Google doesn't use a target density, and repeating keywords can count as stuffing.
SEO
Keyword difficulty
Keyword difficulty (KD) is an SEO tool's estimate, usually on a 0 to 100 scale, of how hard it is to rank on the first page for a query. Each tool calculates it differently, mostly from the top results' backlinks.
SEO
Keyword mapping
Keyword mapping is assigning each group of related search queries to exactly one page on your site, so every target has a clear home and your own pages don't compete with each other.
SEO
Keyword research
Keyword research is finding the queries your potential customers type into search engines and AI assistants, estimating how often they're searched and how hard they are to rank for, and deciding which to target.
SEO
Keyword stuffing
Keyword stuffing is filling a page with keywords or numbers in an attempt to manipulate search rankings, often as unnatural repetition, lists of places or terms, or text out of context. Google's spam policies prohibit it.
AI search
Knowledge cutoff
A knowledge cutoff is the point in time after which a language model has no training data. Anything that happened or launched later is unknown to the model unless it's retrieved at answer time.
AI search
Knowledge Graph
The Knowledge Graph is Google's database of real-world entities, such as people, companies, places and products, and the facts and relationships connecting them. It powers knowledge panels and helps Google understand queries.
SEO
Knowledge panel
A knowledge panel is the information box Google shows for entities in its Knowledge Graph, such as companies, people and products. It's generated automatically, and verified representatives can claim it and suggest changes.
L
Growth & analytics
Landing page
A landing page is a web page designed for visitors arriving from a specific source, such as an ad, launch, email or search, with a single goal like signing up, starting a trial or joining a waitlist.
AI search
Large language model (LLM)
A large language model (LLM) is an AI model trained on very large amounts of text to predict the next piece of text. That one skill lets it answer questions, summarize, write and reason in plain language.
SEO
Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)
Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) is a Core Web Vital measuring how long it takes for the largest image or text block in the viewport to render. Google's target is 2.5 seconds or less for 75% of page loads.
SEO
lastmod
lastmodis the optional sitemap field that states when a URL's content last changed. Google uses it to schedule recrawls, but only if the dates are consistently accurate.Launching
Launch assets
Launch assets are the materials you prepare before launching: product name, tagline, short and long descriptions, logo, screenshots or gallery images, a demo video, and links. Every platform and directory asks for some version of them.
Launching
Launch day
Launch day is the day a product or release goes live publicly on a launch platform or to an audience. It's mostly about being present: answering comments, fixing issues quickly and telling your own people.
Launching
Launch platform
A launch platform is a website where makers post new products for a community to discover, vote on and discuss, usually on a daily or weekly cycle with a leaderboard. Product Hunt is the best-known example.
Launching
Launch strategy
A launch strategy is the plan for introducing a product or major release to the world: who you want to reach, which channels and platforms you'll use, in what order, and how you'll turn launch attention into lasting results.
Launching
Launch week
A launch week is either a week-long cycle on a weekly launch platform, where products compete on one leaderboard for seven days, or a company's own week of announcing a new feature every day.
SEO
Lazy loading
Lazy loading delays loading images, iframes or content until they're about to scroll into view. It speeds up pages, but content must load without clicks or scrolling or Google may never see it.
Launching
Lifetime deal (LTD)
A lifetime deal (LTD) sells ongoing access to a software product for a single upfront payment instead of a subscription, often through a deal marketplace, to raise cash and get early users quickly.
SEO
Lighthouse
Lighthouse is Google's open-source tool that audits a web page for performance, accessibility, best practices and SEO, and gives each category a 0–100 score with specific fixes.
SEO
Link building
Link building is the work of getting other websites to link to yours. Links help search engines discover pages and judge their importance, which is why link quality and how links were earned both matter.
SEO
Link reclamation
Link reclamation is recovering links you have lost or should already have, by redirecting old URLs that still have backlinks, asking for broken or removed links to be fixed, and turning unlinked mentions into links.
SEO
Link scheme
A link scheme is any practice of creating links to or from a site mainly to manipulate search rankings, such as buying links, excessive link exchanges or automated link building. Google calls it link spam.
SEO
Link velocity
Link velocity is the rate at which a site gains (or loses) backlinks and referring domains over time. SEOs watch it because natural link growth tends to follow real events, while bought links often arrive in unnatural bursts.
SEO
Linkable asset
A linkable asset is a page created to be genuinely worth referencing, such as a free tool, original dataset, template, calculator or definitive reference, so other sites link to it without being paid or traded.
AI search
LLM citation
An LLM citation is a link or named source that an AI assistant shows alongside its answer to say where information came from. Being cited sends referral traffic and signals that your page was trusted.
AI search
llms.txt
llms.txt is a proposed markdown file at a site's root, /llms.txt, that summarizes the site and links to its most useful pages for AI agents. It's voluntary, grants no access, and Google Search ignores it.
SEO
Log file analysis
Log file analysis is reviewing your server or CDN access logs to see exactly which URLs crawlers requested, when, and what status codes they got. It's the only first-hand record of crawler behavior.
SEO
Long-tail keyword
A long-tail keyword is a specific, usually longer search query with relatively low search volume, such as "invoice template for freelance photographers" rather than "invoice". Together, long-tail queries make up a large share of searches.
M
Launching
Maker
A maker is a person who built the product being launched, such as a founder, developer or designer, and is listed as such on a launch platform. A hunter is whoever submits the launch, who may not be a maker.
Launching
Maker comment (first comment)
A maker comment is the first comment a founder posts on their own launch page, explaining why they built the product, who it's for and what feedback they want. It sets the tone for the whole discussion.
SEO
Manual action
A manual action is a penalty applied by a human reviewer at Google when pages on a site break Google's spam policies. Affected pages rank lower or disappear until you fix the issue and request review.
Launching
Marketplace listing
A marketplace listing is a page for your product inside another platform's app store or integration directory, such as the Shopify App Store, Chrome Web Store or Slack Marketplace, where that platform's users find and install it.
SEO
Meta description
A meta description is an HTML tag summarizing a page,
<meta name="description" content="…">. Google sometimes shows it as the snippet under a search result, but often writes its own from the page text.SEO
Meta refresh redirect
A meta refresh redirect is an HTML tag,
<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0; url=…">, that sends the browser to another URL after the page loads. Google treats an instant one as permanent and a delayed one as temporary.SEO
Meta robots tag
The meta robots tag is an HTML tag in a page's head, like
<meta name="robots" content="noindex">, that tells search engines whether to index the page, follow its links and how to show snippets.AI search
Microsoft Copilot (Bing)
Microsoft Copilot is Microsoft's AI assistant. In search, it writes AI-generated answers grounded in Bing's web index and cites the pages it used, both in the Copilot app and in AI summaries on Bing.
Launching
Minimum viable product (MVP)
A minimum viable product (MVP) is the version of a new product that lets a team learn the most about its customers with the least effort. Its purpose is validated learning, not simply shipping something small.
SEO
Mixed content
Mixed content is when a page loaded over HTTPS includes resources, like images, scripts or iframes, loaded over plain HTTP. Browsers upgrade or block those requests, which can break the page.
SEO
Mobile-first indexing
Mobile-first indexing means Google uses the mobile version of a page, crawled with its smartphone crawler, for indexing and ranking. If content is missing on mobile, Google doesn't see it.
AI search
Model Context Protocol (MCP)
The Model Context Protocol (MCP) is an open standard for connecting AI applications to external data sources, tools and workflows, so an assistant can read data or take actions in another product through one common interface.
Growth & analytics
Monthly recurring revenue (MRR)
Monthly recurring revenue (MRR) is the normalized amount of subscription revenue a business expects to receive every month from its active customers, excluding one-time fees and usage that isn't committed.
N
Growth & analytics
Newsletter sponsorship
A newsletter sponsorship is paying a newsletter to feature your product to its subscribers, usually as a short ad or dedicated mention in one or more issues, so you reach an audience that already trusts the writer.
SEO
Niche edit
A niche edit, or link insertion, is getting a link added to an existing article on someone else's site, usually for payment. Because the link is bought and passes ranking credit, it falls under Google's link spam policy.
SEO
Nofollow link
A nofollow link carries rel="nofollow", "ugc" or "sponsored", telling search engines not to treat it as an endorsement. Google treats these values as hints and generally doesn't follow such links.
SEO
Noindex
Noindex is a rule, set in a robots meta tag or an X-Robots-Tag HTTP header, that tells search engines not to show a page in their results even though they can crawl it.
Growth & analytics
North star metric
A north star metric is the single metric that best captures the core value customers get from your product, used to align a team's work. It should rise when customers get more value, not just when revenue or traffic does.
SEO
nosnippet
nosnippetis a robots rule that stops Google showing a text snippet or video preview for a page. Google says it also keeps the page's content from being used in AI Overviews and AI Mode.
O
SEO
On-page SEO
On-page SEO is optimizing what's on each page so searchers and search engines understand it: the content itself, title tag, meta description, headings, internal links, images and structured data.
SEO
Open Graph tags
Open Graph tags are
<meta property="og:…">tags that tell social platforms and messaging apps how to show a link preview: title, description, image and canonical URL.Growth & analytics
Organic traffic
Organic traffic is visits that come from unpaid search results, as opposed to ads, social, email, referrals or direct visits. It's the main outcome SEO is meant to grow.
SEO
Organization schema
Organization schema is structured data that describes your company, including name, URL, logo, social profiles and contact details, so Google can identify it and show details like your logo in results.
SEO
Original research
Original research is content built on information you produced yourself, such as survey results, product data, experiments, benchmarks or first-hand tests, rather than summarizing what others have already published.
SEO
Orphan page
An orphan page is a page on your site that no other page links to. Crawlers can only find it through a sitemap or external links, and it's usually crawled rarely and treated as unimportant.
P
SEO
Page experience
Page experience is Google's term for how using a page feels beyond its content: loading speed, responsiveness, visual stability, HTTPS, mobile usability, ads and interstitials. Google says there is no single page experience signal.
SEO
Page indexing report
The Page indexing report in Search Console shows how many of your known URLs are indexed and groups the rest by the reason they aren't, like noindex, redirect, duplicate, 404 or crawled but not indexed.
SEO
Page with redirect
"Page with redirect" is a Search Console status for a URL that redirects to another page. It's a non-canonical URL, so Google doesn't index it; it indexes the destination instead.
SEO
PageSpeed Insights
PageSpeed Insights (PSI) is Google's free tool that reports a page's real-user Core Web Vitals from the Chrome UX Report alongside a Lighthouse lab test with a 0–100 performance score.
SEO
Pagination
Pagination splits a long list, like blog posts or products, across several pages. Google treats each page as a separate URL, so each needs its own URL, crawlable links and a self-referencing canonical.
SEO
Paid links (sponsored links)
Paid links are links placed in exchange for money, goods, services or free products. Google allows them for advertising if they're marked
rel="sponsored"ornofollow; unmarked paid links that pass ranking credit are link spam.SEO
People Also Ask
People Also Ask is a Google results feature showing a list of related questions that expand to reveal a short answer from a web page, with a link to that page.
SEO
Performance report
The Performance report in Search Console shows how your site does in Google Search: clicks, impressions, click-through rate and average position, broken down by query, page, country, device, search appearance and date.
AI search
Perplexity
Perplexity is an AI answer engine that searches the web in real time for each question and writes an answer with numbered citations linking to the sources it used.
SEO
Pillar page
A pillar page is a broad, in-depth page on a core topic that links out to more specific pages on subtopics, which link back to it. It anchors a topic cluster in your site structure.
Growth & analytics
Positioning
Positioning is how you define your product's place in a customer's mind: what category it belongs to, who it's for, what it's compared against, and why it's the better choice for that customer.
Launching
Press kit
A press kit is a page or downloadable folder with everything someone needs to write about your company accurately: a short description, key facts, founder bios, logos, screenshots, and a contact for press.
Launching
Private beta
A private beta is invite-only access to an unfinished product for a small group of users, in exchange for feedback. It sits between internal testing and a public release.
SEO
Private blog network (PBN)
A private blog network (PBN) is a group of websites controlled by one person or company that exist mainly to link to other sites and inflate their rankings, often built on expired domains with existing backlinks.
SEO
Product schema
Product schema is structured data describing a product, including name, image, price, availability and reviews. Google uses it for product snippets and, on pages where you can buy, merchant listings.
Growth & analytics
Product-led growth (PLG)
Product-led growth (PLG) is a go-to-market approach where the product itself is the main driver of acquiring, converting and expanding customers, typically through self-serve sign-up, a free plan or trial, and in-product upgrades.
Growth & analytics
Product-market fit (PMF)
Product-market fit (PMF) is the point where a product satisfies a strong market demand: customers use it, keep using it, pay for it and recommend it, with growth pulling the company rather than being pushed.
SEO
Programmatic SEO
Programmatic SEO is creating many search-targeted pages from structured data and templates, such as one page per integration, city or comparison. It works when each page answers a real query with unique, useful data.
SEO
Publishing velocity
Publishing velocity is how quickly a site adds new pages over time. Too slow and you never build coverage; too fast for the site's reputation and search engines may crawl and index new pages slowly or not at all.
Q
AI search
Query fan-out
Query fan-out is a technique where an AI search system splits one question into several related searches across subtopics, then combines what it finds into a single answer with links to many sources.
R
Launching
Reciprocal link
A reciprocal link is a pair of links between two sites, where each links to the other, often by agreement. Occasional natural ones are fine; excessive exchanges made to boost rankings are link spam under Google's policies.
SEO
Redirect chain
A redirect chain is when a URL redirects to another URL that redirects again before reaching the final page. Each hop adds delay, and long chains or loops can stop crawlers from reaching the page.
Growth & analytics
Referral program
A referral program rewards existing customers or users for bringing in new ones, typically with credit, discounts, extra features or cash, often giving both the referrer and the new customer something.
SEO
Referring domains
Referring domains are the unique websites that link to your site. Ten links from one site count as one referring domain, which is why SEO tools treat referring domains as a better measure than total backlinks.
Launching
Relaunch
A relaunch is presenting an existing product publicly again, usually after a major new version, pivot or rebrand, to reach people who missed it or who dismissed an earlier version.
SEO
Render-blocking resources
Render-blocking resources are CSS and JavaScript files the browser must download and process before it can show anything on screen. Lighthouse flags them because they delay first paint.
SEO
Rendering
Rendering is when a search engine runs a page's JavaScript and CSS in a headless browser to see the final content, as a user would. Google renders pages before indexing what it finds.
Growth & analytics
Retention
Retention is the share of users or customers who keep using or paying for your product over time, usually measured for a cohort that started in the same period. It's the clearest signal that a product delivers lasting value.
AI search
Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)
Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a technique where a system first retrieves relevant documents, then passes them to a language model so it can answer from that material instead of memory alone.
SEO
Review snippet
A review snippet is the star rating and review count Google can show under a search result, based on
RevieworAggregateRatingstructured data for supported types like products, software apps and recipes.SEO
Rich results
Rich results are search listings with extra visual features beyond the title, URL and snippet, like review stars, prices, breadcrumbs or video thumbnails. Most depend on structured data.
SEO
robots.txt
robots.txt is a plain-text file at the root of a domain that tells crawlers which URLs they may and may not fetch. It controls crawling, not indexing, and well-behaved bots follow it voluntarily.
S
AI search
sameAs (schema.org)
sameAs is a schema.org property that lists URLs of other pages which unambiguously identify the same entity, such as your official social profiles, Wikidata item or Crunchbase page, inside your structured data.
SEO
Scaled content abuse
Scaled content abuse is Google's spam policy against generating many pages primarily to manipulate search rankings rather than help users, whether the pages are made by AI, people, scraping or a mix.
SEO
Schema.org
Schema.org is a shared vocabulary of types and properties, like
Organization,ProductandArticle, that websites use in structured data to describe their content to search engines and other machines.SEO
Search Console property
A Search Console property is the site you verify and view data for. A Domain property covers every subdomain and protocol and needs DNS verification; a URL-prefix property covers only URLs starting with one exact prefix.
SEO
Search intent
Search intent is the goal behind a search: what the person actually wants when they type a query. Pages rank best when their format and content match that goal, not just the words.
SEO
Search Quality Rater Guidelines
The Search Quality Rater Guidelines are Google's public handbook for the human raters who evaluate search results. Raters' scores help Google measure its systems but don't directly change any page's ranking.
SEO
Search query
A search query is the exact text someone types or speaks into a search engine. A keyword is the topic you target; queries are the many real phrasings people use for it.
SEO
Search volume
Search volume is an estimate of how many times a keyword is searched in a period, usually a month. Every tool estimates it differently, so treat it as a rough size, not a count.
SEO
SEO audit
An SEO audit is a structured review of a site's crawlability, indexing, on-page elements, content and links, to find what's stopping pages from ranking and what to fix first.
SEO
SERP
A SERP (search engine results page) is the page a search engine shows after a query: the list of links plus features like AI Overviews, featured snippets, videos, ads and "People also ask" boxes.
SEO
SERP features
SERP features are anything on a search results page beyond the standard blue-link result: AI Overviews, featured snippets, People Also Ask, sitelinks, image and video packs, knowledge panels and rich results.
SEO
Server-side rendering (SSR)
Server-side rendering (SSR) means the server builds a page's full HTML for each request and sends it ready to display. Crawlers and users get content immediately, without waiting for JavaScript.
Launching
Show HN
Show HN is the section of Hacker News for sharing something you've made that other people can try, such as a product, tool, library or project. Posts start with "Show HN:" and follow specific rules.
SEO
Site architecture
Site architecture is how a website's pages are organized and linked: the hierarchy of sections, the URL structure and the internal links between them. Good architecture helps crawlers and people find every important page quickly.
SEO
Site migration
A site migration is any change that moves many URLs at once: a new domain, a new URL structure, HTTPS, or a new CMS. Done right, permanent redirects carry rankings to the new URLs.
SEO
Site reputation abuse
Site reputation abuse is publishing third-party content on an established site mainly to benefit from that host's ranking signals, so the content ranks better than it would on its own. Google's spam policies prohibit it.
SEO
site: search operator
The
site:operator limits Google results to one domain or URL prefix, as insite:example.com/blog. It's a quick spot check, but Google says it doesn't necessarily return every indexed URL.SEO
Sitelinks
Sitelinks are extra links to pages on the same site shown under a Google result, usually for brand searches. Google generates them automatically; you can't add them directly.
SEO
Sitemap index
A sitemap index is an XML file that lists other sitemap files instead of pages. It lets large sites split URLs across several sitemaps and submit them all through one file.
SEO
Skyscraper technique
The skyscraper technique is a link building method: find content in your niche that has already earned many links, create something clearly better, then contact the sites linking to the original and show them yours.
Growth & analytics
Social proof
Social proof is evidence that other people use, like and trust a product, such as reviews, testimonials, case studies, usage numbers, customer logos or press mentions, shown to reduce a new visitor's uncertainty.
SEO
Soft 404
A soft 404 is a page that looks like an error or empty page to Google but returns a success code (
200) instead of404. Google treats it as not found and reports it in Search Console.Launching
Soft launch
A soft launch is releasing a product quietly to a limited audience, such as a waitlist, one region or one community, to find problems and learn before a louder public launch.
Launching
Software review site
Software review sites are platforms, such as G2, Capterra and TrustRadius, where users review and compare business software. Buyers use them to shortlist tools, and their pages often rank for category and comparison searches.
SEO
SoftwareApplication schema
SoftwareApplication schema is structured data that describes an app, including name, price, category, operating system and ratings. Google can use it to show software details and ratings in results.
SEO
Static site generation (SSG)
Static site generation (SSG) builds each page's HTML once, at build time, and serves the same file to every visitor. It's the fastest and most reliable way to give crawlers complete pages.
SEO
Structured data (JSON-LD)
Structured data is machine-readable information about a page, usually written as JSON-LD using the schema.org vocabulary. It helps search engines understand what a page is about and can make it eligible for rich results.
SEO
Subdomain vs subdirectory
A subdomain is a separate host like
blog.example.com; a subdirectory is a folder likeexample.com/blog. Google can rank both. Subdirectories are usually simpler to run and keep everything in one site.
T
Launching
Tagline
A tagline is the one short line that tells people what your product does and who it's for. On launch platforms and directories, it's often the only text people read before deciding whether to click.
SEO
Technical SEO
Technical SEO is the work that lets search engines crawl, render, index and understand your pages: status codes, redirects, canonicals, sitemaps, robots rules, rendering, structured data, speed and mobile support.
SEO
Thin content
Thin content is a page with little or no original value for the reader: boilerplate, near-empty templates, copied text or pages that exist only to rank. Google often won't index it.
SEO
Time to First Byte (TTFB)
Time to First Byte (TTFB) is the time from starting to navigate to a page until the first byte of the response arrives. It's not a Core Web Vital, but it delays everything after it, including LCP.
SEO
Title rewrite
A title rewrite is when Google shows a different title link in search results from the page's
<title>tag, built from headings, anchor text or other page text it thinks describes the page better.SEO
Title tag
A title tag is the
<title>element in a page's HTML. Google usually uses it for the clickable headline of a search result, and it's one of the clearest signals of what the page is about.AI search
Tokens (AI)
Tokens are the small chunks of text a language model reads and writes, often parts of words. Models count input, output, limits and API pricing in tokens, not words or characters.
SEO
Topic cluster
A topic cluster is a group of pages about one subject: a broad pillar page linked to several detailed pages on subtopics, which link back. It shows readers and search engines the depth of your coverage.
SEO
Topical authority
Topical authority is the idea that a site which covers a subject thoroughly and well earns trust across that whole topic, so its new pages on the subject rank more easily than a generalist site's would.
SEO
Traffic estimates
Traffic estimates are modeled guesses of a website's visits made by third-party tools like Similarweb, Ahrefs and Semrush. They're built from panels, partner data and rankings, not from the site's own analytics, so treat them as rough.
SEO
Trailing slash
A trailing slash is the
/at the end of a URL path, as in/pricing/. Google treats/pricingand/pricing/as separate URLs, so pick one form and redirect the other to it.SEO
Tranco rank
Tranco is a research-oriented list of the world's most popular websites, built by combining several independent popularity rankings and averaging them over 30 days to resist manipulation. A site's Tranco rank is its position in that list.
SEO
Twitter card (X card)
A Twitter card, now an X card, is the link preview shown when a URL is posted on X. It's controlled by
twitter:meta tags, with Open Graph tags used as a fallback.
U
SEO
Unlinked mention
An unlinked mention is a web page that names your company or product without linking to your site. Where a link would help readers, it's an easy opportunity to ask for one.
Launching
Upvote
An upvote is a vote of support for a launch on a platform like Product Hunt. Upvotes largely decide where a launch sits on the leaderboard for its day or week.
SEO
URL Inspection tool
URL Inspection is a Search Console tool that shows Google's indexed view of one URL, including index status, Google-selected canonical and last crawl, and can run a live test or request indexing.
SEO
URL parameters
URL parameters are the
key=valuepairs after a?in a URL, like?ref=twitteror?sort=price. Each unique combination is a separate URL to search engines, even when the content barely changes.SEO
URL slug
A URL slug is the readable part of a URL that identifies a specific page, like
what-is-crawl-budgetin/glossary/what-is-crawl-budget. Good slugs are short, lowercase, hyphenated and descriptive.SEO
User agent
A user agent is the software making a web request, identified by the
User-AgentHTTP header. Browsers and crawlers each send their own string, and robots.txt rules target crawlers by their user-agent token.Growth & analytics
UTM parameters
UTM parameters are tags added to a URL, like
?utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=launch, that tell analytics tools where a visit came from.
V
Growth & analytics
Value proposition
A value proposition is a short, clear statement of the specific benefit a product delivers, to whom, and why it's better than the alternatives. It's the promise your marketing makes and your product has to keep.
AI search
Vector search
Vector search finds content by meaning. It turns the query and every document into embeddings, then returns the documents whose vectors are closest to the query's, instead of matching exact words.
SEO
Video SEO
Video SEO is helping search engines find, understand and show your videos: a dedicated watch page, fetchable video files and thumbnails, and video details from structured data, sitemaps or Open Graph tags.
SEO
Video sitemap
A video sitemap is an XML sitemap extension that describes videos on your pages, including thumbnail, title, description and the video file or player URL, to help Google find and understand them.
SEO
Viewport meta tag
The viewport meta tag,
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">, tells mobile browsers to lay out the page at the device's width instead of a wide desktop canvas.
W
Launching
Waitlist
A waitlist is a list of people who have signed up to be told when a product is available, usually by leaving an email on a pre-launch page. It measures early demand and gives you an audience on launch day.
SEO
Web crawler
A web crawler is a program that fetches web pages automatically, follows their links to find more pages, and passes what it finds to a search engine or AI system for indexing or analysis.
AI search
Wikidata
Wikidata is a free, collaborative, multilingual knowledge base of structured facts, run by the Wikimedia movement. Each entity is an item with a Q number, described by statements that other sites and systems can reuse.
SEO
www vs non-www
www vs non-www is the choice between serving your site at
www.example.comorexample.com. Either works for SEO. What matters is picking one and permanently redirecting the other to it.
X
SEO
X-Robots-Tag
X-Robots-Tag is an HTTP response header that carries the same rules as the meta robots tag, like
noindexornosnippet. It works on any file type, including PDFs, images and other non-HTML files.SEO
XML sitemap
An XML sitemap is a file that lists the URLs you want search engines to crawl and index, optionally with the date each one last changed. It helps discovery; it doesn't guarantee indexing.
Z
SEO
Zero-click search
A zero-click search is a search that ends without the user clicking any result, because the answer was shown on the results page itself, in an AI Overview, featured snippet, knowledge panel or other feature.
We checked every claim that depends on a vendor's documentation (Google Search Central, OpenAI, Anthropic, Perplexity, llmstxt.org) on September 23, 2026, and link those sources on each term's page. Spotted something out of date? Email hello@launchranked.com.